tranquileye free media papers

In May 2006 the National Campus and Community Radio Association (NCRA/ANREC) completed a study of community radio support mechanisms in several industrialized countries. This work was not exhaustive, as some countries identified as having community radio funding programs (including Denmark and Belgium) were not included because of lack of primary sources during the research period. The study was restricted to state-mandated support for community radio at the federal level. The NCRA/ANREC has identified seven industrialized countries – Ireland, the United States, Australia, France, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom – with national government-mandated community radio support programs. Support typically takes one of three forms: a direct station operational subsidy; targeted support for specific station operations (typically programming production and distribution, staff training and capacity building, and transmission and production equipment); or a combination of the two.

Reconstruction of 1994 paper prepared by M Sjöberg for AMARC Europe with the financial support of the Commission of the European Communities under the EUROFORM programme. Sheffield: AMARC-Europe, 1994.

From introduction: This report aims to give an overview of part of the European radio scene, focusing in particular on local and Community radio. The research on which it is based was carried out as part of a project administered by AMARC-Europe and funded by the EUROFORM programme of the European Commission... The project created a transnational training consortium whose aim was to enhance the viability of Community radio in Europe by fostering the convergence of skills and the strengthening of this sector of radio in regions where it is less developed... Community radio is a product of de-regulation at national level, combined with demand and the cheaper availability of transmission technology. The sector has mushroomed from just a handful of stations in the late seventies to some 1500 in 1992. There are about 12,000 broadcasting radio stations of all kinds in Europe*. Community radio will be affected by major technological changes in the 1990s. The single most significant advance will be the introduction of Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) which could be introduced as early as 1996.

By Evelyn Messinger, from the early 1990s.

Introduction: Television has played an increasingly significant role in the downfall of Eastern Europe's one-party states. In Poland underground pirate video transmissions kept Solidarity alive for nearly 10 years. Last fall, East Germans judged the effects of their anti-government demonstrations by watching the coverage they received on West German news programs. In Romania, control of the television station is tantamount to control of the government.